Climate change adaptation : addressing sea level rise through integrated coastal zone management - Semarang and Demak as case study

Indonesia as an archipelagic state is extremely vulnerable to sea level rise (SLR) threat. SLR presents significant risks to coastal settlements, infrastructure, cultural resources, and sensitive species habitats. The presentation provides an overview (along with images) of land subsidence and sea level rise in two areas of Indonesia. Existing gaps in environmental legislation would require the attention of multi-level layers of government as well as proper coordination. Social justice aspects of legislation have been neglected

Addressing sea level rise through integrated coastal zone management : Semarang and Demak as case study

Indonesia, as an archipelagic state, is extremely vulnerable to sea level rise (SLR), warming ocean temperatures, and ocean acidity. Images show the changing coastline over ten years (2003-2013). The presentation provides information regarding climate change vulnerabilities, arguing for government intervention and addressing gaps in legislation. Along with a lack of supportive legislation, other common constraints include limited financial and human resources, and cooperation between sectors. The presentation provides options for addressing legal and institutional deficits as well as practical applications: mangrove plantations, and sea wall and wetland engineering using local adaptive methods

Environmental Governance in Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the countries with the fastest-growing economies in Asia and one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. With ecosystems ranging from terrestrial to marine and teemed with unique life forms, Indonesia is rich in natural resources. Unfortunately, Indonesia also suffers from overexploitation and environmental threats exacerbated by climate and human pressures. Along with the growing global ambitions for achieving sustainable development and increasing its capacity to adapt to climate change and extreme events, Indonesia is also increasing its commitments to balance development while safeguarding environmental and social sustainability. However, challenges remain, especially on how to effectively govern the responses to environmental issues. Against this background, this book will present state-of-the-art environmental governance research and practices in Indonesia. It offers a wide scope, covering different themes and sectors (e.g., climate change, disaster risk, forestry, mining, etc.), diverse physical and societal landscapes (e.g., urban, rural, deltas, coastal areas, etc.), and multiscalar perspectives (from national to local level). This book has the ambition to incorporate more knowledge to indicate research gaps and future directions for environmental governance research. Our intention is also to reflect a vision to make the national and global environmental governance research agenda to be more diverse, inclusive, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary. We hope that this book will be useful for researchers, students, practitioners, and policymakers who are interested in the field of environmental governance, especially in Indonesia as a megadiversity country that encompasses the world’s largest archipelago

Earth System Governance in Indonesia: An Initial Investigation

Despite a growing scholarly interest internationally in the notion of earth system governance (ESG), the state-of-the-art of how the notion interacts in and with Indonesian academia has not been reviewed. The ESG notion is a paradigm that warrants the broader context of the Anthropocene and human-induced transformations of the entire earth system. Considering that Indonesia is one of the most important scholarly and empirical sites of investigation in Asia-Pacific, understanding the existing development of environmental governance with ESG can inform the corpus theory of sustainable futures. What does the notion mean in Indonesian academia? Which fields, disciplines, and networks have engaged with the notion? What are the alternative practices and directions of ESG emerging from and within the Indonesian academia? The chapter aims to offer an initial investigation by conducting a literature review with the following objectives: (1) to trace and evaluate the intellectual progression of the field of ESG from and within Indonesian academia, (2) to contextualize the theory and framework of ESG in the context of Indonesian academia, and (3) to identify gaps and offer reflections for future research. The chapter will review academic literature from the international database of Scopus and the Indonesian recognized national database of Garuda of the conceptual debates and discussion of ESG in the context of Indonesia. The chapter ultimately provides a summary, synthesis, and critical evaluation of the current body of knowledge about the ESG, within the broader context of environmental governance, in Indonesian academia and suggests future research

Legislation, regulations, and policies in Indonesia relevant to addressing land/forest fires and transboundary haze pollution : a critical evaluation

In addressing transboundary haze pollution, the role of the domestic legal framework is crucial. Despite this importance, literature addressing the problem from a current legal and policy framework in Indonesia is lacking. This article examines the adequacy of that existing legal framework in Indonesia. It argues that a well-structured, integrated legal framework is crucial in addressing land/forest fires. The legislation and policy examined mainly relate to regulation specifically addressing, and other legislation related to, land and forest fires. The approach to analysing the adequacy of legal framework is holistic and includes a broader legal framework; that is, it examines not only regulation specifically addressing land and forest fires, but also legislation and regulation in other sectors related to such fires, such as forestry law, agriculture law, environment protection law, autonomy law, and disaster management law. This broader approach aims to examine the gaps, overlaps and conflicts between these sectoral laws. This article concludes that the existing legal framework in Indonesia to address land and forest fires is inadequate. Stronger legislation in the form of a statute/law is required.25 page(s

Transboundary haze pollution in the ASEAN region: an assessment of the adquacy of the legal and policy framework in Indonesia

Theoretical thesis.Bibliography: pages 281-309.Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Theory, developments and gaps in the international legal framework for addressing transboundary pollution -- Chapter 3. ASEAN regional legal framework to address transboundary haze pollution -- Chapter 4. The Indonesian legal framework to address transboundary haze pollution -- Chapter 5. CBFiM in Indonesia -- Chapter 6. The REDD+ Program and its implications for forest fire reduction efforts in Indonesia -- Chapter 7. Conclusions and recommendations.Transboundary haze pollution is one of the major ongoing problems in the ASEAN region. This haze pollution is the result of land/forest fires, and mostly originates in Indonesia. In addition to a long dry season, human activities such as the clearing of forests and land for plantations and agriculture, particularly in peatland areas, are a major cause of these fires. The impacts of these fires are significant and include damage to biodiversity, people’s health and the region’s economy, and contribution to global climate change. It is clear that haze pollution has an impact locally, nationally, regionally and internationally. Thus, while transboundary haze pollution is regarded as an international or regional problem, and there are already international and regional legal mechanisms in place to address the issue, it is argued that transboundary pollution is often more effectively addressed through domestic law.The challenge in addressing and enforcing transboundary haze-pollution control lies in the implementation and enforcement of law at the domestic level. Therefore, the legal frameworks in Indonesia for addressing land/forest fires are examined in this thesis. The main aim is to examine the adequacy of existing legal and policy frameworks in Indonesia in addressing transboundary haze pollution. This examination includes institutional arrangements, community-based fire management, and the issue of REDD+ and its implication for forest ires reduction. This research fills a gap in the literature on the current legal and policy framework in Indonesia. It argues that a well-structured integrated legal framework is crucial in addressing land/forest fires. It finds that the existing legal framework in Indonesia is inadequate to address land/forest fires. A new legislation must be enacted to specifically address the issue.However, land/forest fires are a complex problem cutting across many interests, sectors, communities, nations and regions. Therefore, no single solution will work to address this issue. Addressing transboundary haze pollution requires cooperation at the international, regional, national and local levels. Thus, it is proposed that, in addressing transboundary haze pollution, a synergetic and integrated approach is required, with coherence between international, regional, national and local frameworks. Further, it is argued that the best way to address land/forest fires at the national level is to improve all relevant measures, including the legal and institutional framework, public participation and law enforcement.Mode of access: World wide web1 online resource (xxviii, 309 pages) colour map, diagrams, table

Influence of international law upon ASEAN approaches in addressing transboundary haze pollution in the ASEAN region

Transboundary haze pollution from land/forest fires is an annual disaster in the ASEAN region. Solving the transboundary pollution requires the application of the international legal system. Two international frameworks used in this paper are first, customary international law namely the state responsibility for·transboundary environmental harm principle, second MEAs in atmosphere and biodiversity. This paper will examine to what extent international law has influenced ASEAN approaches in addressing transboundary haze pollution. The aim of this paper is to examine how international law frameworks contribute to solving regional-environmental problems. The study suggests that internabonallaw has influenced the regional legal framework in addressing transboundary haze pollution but this influence is not total. To some extent, ASEAN still keep their own value "The ASEAN Way," in their approach. While ASEAN has already adopted the principle of state responsibility for transboundary environmental harm in its legal framework, the liability regime for the implementation of this principle is yet to be developed.22 page(s

Coastal adaptation laws and the social justice of policies to address sea level rise: An Indonesian insight

Climate change and sea level rise (SLR) poses serious risks to coastal communities around the world requiring nations to apply adaptation laws and policies. Climate change will exacerbate the existing threats to vulnerable communities, such as the poor, and threaten the food security of populations in coastal areas through the effects of flooding due to coastal inundation. Indonesia is an Archipelagic State of over 17,000 islands and is vulnerable to climate change impacts in its coastal areas and especially in its highly populated low lying delta areas, such as Jakarta and Semarang, where vulnerability to sea level rise is evident. The adequacy of the legal adaptation framework in Indonesia to respond to this climate vulnerability is assessed and it is found to have limited consideration of the community burden arising from these climate and SLR uncertainties. A more inclusive social justice approach could assist government to respond to the impacts from these issues and to their implications for vulnerable groups. The nation can improve adaptive legal measures to address climate change impacts and increase the involvement of local people in climate change adaptation decision making. Funding is required to assist policy makers to further incorporate adaptation into decision making, and this could improve social justice outcomes for vulnerable Indonesian coastal communities